Centrifugal pump, turbine, condenser, and the like.



E. S. G. REES.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP, TURBINE, CONDENSER, AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION HLED NOV. l. 1913.

Lmfi am. Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

E. 81 G. REES.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP, TURBINE, CONDENSER, ANDTHE LIKE. APPLICATION uL'w NOV. 1, 1913..

Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1, 1913.

Patented Dec. 28, 1915..

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

mmm.

ZZ'ZZze-Sses,

E. S. G. REES.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP, TURBINE, CONDENSER, AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION HLED NOV. I, 19l3- 1 Patented Dec. 28, 1915,

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Worvzeyl,

part h ll) EIIDM'U SCOTT GUSTAVE -ElElES,- STATIFORED,

' CENTFWM runs, an H icense.-

at connnnsnn,

Specification at Letters Patent.

a an.

Patented were. 2?, llt lld.

4 I application filed November 1, 19th. terlal lto. Newt.-

To all whom it may concern .1

Be it known that T, EDMUND SCOTT GUs- 'rAvE Runs, a subiect of the King of Great Britain, residing in Stafi'ord, England, have vinvented certain new and useful Trnproveconvert part of the pressure energy into speed energy and thereby. to control the direction of discharge of the fluid relative to the external casing.

The present invention relates mainly to the construction of the impeller in apparatus of this class, audits primary object is to reduce the weight andsize and cost of construction without impairing the efficiency of the apparatus.

The improved secure maximum capacity of reservoir at its most edective part. namely close to the'periphery ofthe impeller, and according to the present invention two expedients are adopted whereby this advantage is insured.

The discharge nozzles are arranged in a peripheral trough having parallel or mutually inclined side walls'an'd occupying the central portionot the peripheral space of the impeller, leaving upon either side of this nozzle trough an inverted trough formingof the pressure reservoir, thereby ;se-' curing to the latter the space which is most valuable for the development of pressure by centrifugal force. The nozzles may therefore be regarded as dipping inwardly from the periphery of the reservoir 1nto its inte-.

riorfinstead of projecting outwardly from the periphery of the reservoir.

In one construction according. to the present invention the side walls of the nozzle trough are saw-tooth shapedaround their inner edges, while the floor of the trough is discontinuous circumferentially and consists eta series of inclined plates, usually slightly curved, which connect the inner edges of the side plates leaving the shortradial sides uninclosed tozformthe apertures. of the discharge nozzles. The fluid pressure space at construction is designed to the pressure the impeller-or paddle are the two sides ot'this trou by the fixed casing, in w ich case the impeller becomes an open broad bladed paddle wheel with more or less radial blades, surh may be formed I mounted by the nozzletrough, or the rim of a the impeller may be shrouded so as to form a hood or peripheral pressure trough interlaced with the nozzle trough, the depth of this hood (which forms the most edective.

part of the pressure reservoir). being preterably about the same as the depth of the discharge nozzles so that the sides of the imeller' are left 0 en for inspection or cleanmg. Tnstead'of aving an open or a hooded im eller it may be,shrouded and the side we is may extend to the eye, but'the sides of preferably inchned-inwardly toward the eye, so that the width of the pressure chamber increases from the inlet toward the periphery, and the running eyejoint between the impeller and the fixed casing is preferably on the outside ofthe fixed bush or joint flange of the easing, because with the pressure chamber type I of lmpeller the diderenc of pressure causing leakage tromthe pe iphery to the eye jomt is reduced as the eye joint becomes larger in diameter until a point is reached when the periphery and eye joint pressures balance, at which point the running eye oint becomes surperfluous. This is therefore the correct diameter for the inside of the hood or peripheral pressure trough. A greater diameter than this tends to reverse the direction of leakage in the case of water pumps working against a head. In the case of the open or the hooded impeller the walls of the fixed casing forming the sides of the ressure chamber entirely or partly should he inwardly inclined toward the opening through which the fluid enters the impeller, and should) fit the sides of the impeller.

Further, the sides of the nozzle trough may enterin be continued outwardly to form a radial extension of the trough with either parallel or mutually inclined walls, this annular.

space constituting a free vortex channel rotating with the impeller, wherein the streams ot water from the nozzles distribute themselves and acquire a uniform. swirl before the outwaters or expanding. chanml or c annels in the fixed casing, when such he provided. By this arrangement or dis charge trough with nozzles formed indeendent ct t e pump bladm, the water can e discharged trorn the'most edeetive part conditions for which the pump is esigned.-

For instance, if the impeller is designed with rearwardly directed nozzles for self regula:

' ,panying drawings, wherein tion when dealing with varying lifts, the

discharge openings of the nozzles wouldnaturally be on the pressure or driving side of the pump or paddle blades, the nozzles having if desirable flared openings to give good entry. Similarly, if it is intended'to direct the nozzles so as to discharge in a forward direction and thus obtain increased resultant discharge velocity, or the same velocity of discharge without self-regulation, the discharge nozzles are disposed so that their openings are just in advance of the paddle blades.

The-invention is illustrated in the accom- Figure 1 1s a central longitudinal section of a completely closed or shrouded impeller with art of the external casing, constructed accor ng to the present invention; Fig. 2

is a transverse section of the line A -B and partly on line OD of Fig.

1'; Figs. 3 and! are views corresponding to- Figs. 1 and 2 of a semi-inclosed or hooded impeller, Fig. 4 being a section artly on line EF and partly on line Gi I of Fig. 3; Figs.i 5 and 6' are corresponding views showing a modified construction, wherein the rim portion and the vane portion of the lmpeller are cbnstructed separately; Fig. 6 is a view corresponding with Fig. 5 but showing the discharge nozzles forwardly directed; Fig. 7 is a part end elevation of an impeller casting, the separately formed end walls being removed to show the pressure reservoir cavities; and Fig. 8 is a section on line 8-8 of Fig. 7-.

Referrin first to the construction of Figs. 1 and 2, t e impeller consists of a boss a I carrying blades or vanes b which extend from the eye c to the peripher d of the impeller the sides 6 of which sl b e rom the rim toward the eve. llhe peri heral discharge outlets f are formed wit in .a trough or channel extending around the peri -of this trough, whic hery of the im eller, the side walls .9 may be mutually inclm'ed or may be parallelas shown, fox-min the sides of the nozzle, while the outer an innerwalls of the nozzles are formed by successive portions of the floor h of the .trough'fwhich, as shown, isstepped so that the trough consists of a series 0 triangular portions each of a'depth varying from zero orapprox'imately zero at the li'ppf the dis-- .charge nozzleto a maximum at'cr near the oint of greatest constriction ofi'the nozzle.

- ere are thus leftbneach side 'Qf the noz- .zle trough annular chambers z 'of. the full diameter of the-impeller, .whereina mass of liquid at high ressure due to centrifu al force is stored. n inlets c of the impe er at a lower speed, butsame partly on inwardly maximum output fixed by practice for a given impeller, and the fixed bush or joint ring it of the casing is formed with a coned flange the inner surface of which forms a continuation of the side wall of the impeller. This construction enables the effective aperture of the impeller eye to be varied simply by turning down the edge of the coned flange to a greater or less extent.

The side walls 9. of the nozzle trough may be continued outwardly as indicated at 9 to form an annular vortex chamber rotating with the impeller, and the walls of this vortex chamber may be outwardly inclined or curved as shown or may be parallel with each other like the walls of the nozzle trough, or inwardly inclined.

In the construction of- Figs. 3 and 4:, to

which are applied the same reference characters used to denote the corresponding parts in Figs. 1 and 2, the side walls a of the impeller extend inwardly only to a disat the apex of the coned wall or plate It and that therefore no modification of the impeller itself is required in order to adapt the apparatus for an increased flow of water through the eye, this being readily effected by boring out the inneredge of the plates is to the requisite extent. Further it will be seen that with the mutually inclined walls k (which in practice would probably form an angle of from 30 to 60 with eac other) there is less liability of the rubbing surfaces between the impeller and the casin becoming fouled or cut up by grit or other solid matter in theliquid which is dealt with, since such solid matter is thrown outward radially by centrifugal force and therefore is not projected along or against such rubbing surfaces.

In the, construction of Figs. 5 and 6 the peripheral part 'ofthe impeller includin the nozzle trough and the hood constituted by the periphery d and side walls e are formed separately from the paddle wheel center consisting of the boss a and vanes 25 which latter are formed integral with the boss andmay have their outer ed accommodated m grooves in the hood (2, e or the two portions may be made a driving fit and secured b an In the mo ifie construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the boss a of the impeller,

suitable means.

menace blades 6, shrouded periphery d, e, side walls 9 and floor h of the nozzle trough are cast integrally with each other, the two side walls of the impeller wheel in which'the inlets or eyes to the interior of the impeller are formed being separately constructed. The views given of this construction are designed to emphasize the disposition of the nozzles with respect to the periphery of the pressure chamber, and it-will be seen that the lower edge (represented in Fig. 8, by the line h) of the inlet aperture of the nozzles extends very considerably into the interior of the impeller, while apart from the slightly projecting extension walls 9'", the delivery edge of the floor or inner wall h of the nozzle is of the same diameter as the full diameter of the annular troughs z in the pressure fluid reservoir.

It will be understood that many construe-- tional modifications may be made in the apparatus herein described.

Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the best means ll know of carrying the same into practical efiect, I claim 1. In a centrifugal pum or the like, an impeller comprising a peripheral rim having a trough projecting inwardly therefrom and occupying the central portion thereof and having discharge nozzles formed in said trough. 4

2. In a centrifugal pump or the like, an impeller'comprising a peripheral rim having a trough projecting inwardly therefrom 'and occupying the central portion thereof and having discharge nozzles formed in said trough, said trough having its side walls continued outwardly from the rim to form a radial extension of the trough.

3. In a centrifugal pump or the like, a

rotatable impeller having inlet. apertures, a-

fixed casing within which said impeller rotates'and having parts which surround the inlet apertures of theimpeller, said impeller comprising a peripheral rim having'a nozzle trough pro ecting inwardly from and occupying the central portion of the same, said rim further having lateral portions projectinginwardly to meet the parts of the casing which surround the inlet apertures of the impeller and forming with the latter and with the two sides of said trough a;

pair of inverted annular troughs which constitute parts of the pressure reservoir of the impeller.

4. ln a centrifugal pump or the like hair ing an impeller containing a pressure fluid chamber of relatively large capacity and rotatable within a fixed casing, a nozzle trough projecting inwardly from and occupyin the central portion of the peripheral rim 0 ,the

impeller, said rim .having lateral portions which project inwardly to meet parts of the fixed casing surrounding the inlet apertures of the impeller and form with the two sides of the trough and the said parts on the easing,a pair of inverted annular troughs constituting parts of the pressure reservoir of the impeller, said lateral rim portions and fixed parts carried by the casing being respectively mutually inclined to each other 'so that the width of the pressure reservoirripheral rim of the impeller, said rim having lateral portions projecting inwardly to meet the outer faces of the said joint rings and forming with the sides of the trough and the joint ring a pair of inverted annular troughs constituting'parts of the pressure reservoir of the impeller, substantially as described. i

6. A centrifugal pump or the like having an impeller fitted with a number of vanes,

and havin extending around its periphery an inwarly projecting trough with peripheral discharge nozzles formed therein, the inlet openings of. the discharge nozzles being dis osed somewhat in advance ofthe vanes, su stantially as described. I I

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

tantra soorr e'usra'va tan.

Witnesses:

Josarn: M, W. SKERTEN. 

